Which of the following is a surcharge that may be added to a Priority piece?

Dimensional weight is the correct answer because it pertains to how the postage for a package is calculated based not only on its actual weight but also on its size. The USPS uses dimensional weight pricing for Priority Mail to ensure that shipping costs reflect the space a package occupies in transit. This means that if a package is large but lightweight, the postal service will charge based on the dimensional weight to account for the extra shipping resources required for larger packages.

In contrast, while there are fees related to delivery and handling, they typically do not apply specifically to Priority Mail in the same direct manner as dimensional weight does. Additionally, a residential surcharge may apply to certain delivery addresses but is often associated with different types of services, meaning it is not a general surcharge for all Priority pieces. Thus, dimensional weight is specifically designed to be factored into the pricing strategy for Priority Mail, making it the most relevant choice in this context.